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# ft_str_split: String Splitting Project in C
## Project Overview
This project-based learning assignment challenges you to implement a function that splits a string into an array of strings based on a specified delimiter character. The project will enhance your understanding of string manipulation, memory allocation, and pointer arithmetic in C.
## Learning Objectives
- Deepen understanding of string manipulation in C
- Practice dynamic memory allocation and management
- Implement robust error handling
- Understand pointer arithmetic and array management
- Develop efficient algorithms for string processing
## Function Prototype
```c
char **ft_str_split(char const *s, char c);
```
### Parameters
- `s`: The string to be split
- `c`: The delimiter character used to identify where the string should be split
### Return Value
- An array of new strings resulting from the split
- NULL if the allocation fails
## Requirements
1. **Function Behavior:**
- The function must split the string `s` using the character `c` as a delimiter
- The array must end with a NULL pointer
- The resulting strings must not contain the delimiter character
2. **Memory Management:**
- You must allocate memory for the result array and each substring
- All allocations must be properly handled with error checking
- No memory leaks are allowed
3. **Edge Cases:**
- Handle empty strings properly
- If `c` does not appear in `s`, the result should be an array with a single element containing the entire string
- If `s` is NULL, return NULL
- If multiple delimiters appear consecutively, they should result in empty substrings
## Project Steps
### Step 1: Planning the Algorithm
Begin by designing your algorithm. Consider:
- How to count the number of resulting substrings
- How to allocate the right amount of memory
- How to extract each substring efficiently
### Step 2: Implementing Helper Functions
Consider implementing these helper functions:
- `count_words`: Count how many words will result from the split
- `word_length`: Calculate the length of a word until the next delimiter
- `extract_word`: Extract a single word from the source string
### Step 3: Implementing the Main Function
Implement the `ft_str_split` function using your helper functions.
### Step 4: Testing
Create a comprehensive test suite that covers:
- Normal cases with various delimiters
- Edge cases (empty strings, no delimiters, etc.)
- Error cases (memory allocation failures)
## Example Usage
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
char **ft_str_split(char const *s, char c);
void print_result(char **result) {
if (!result)
return;
for (int i = 0; result[i]; i++) {
printf("'%s'\n", result[i]);
}
}
void free_result(char **result) {
if (!result)
return;
for (int i = 0; result[i]; i++) {
free(result[i]);
}
free(result);
}
int main() {
char *str = "Hello,world,this,is,a,test";
char **result = ft_str_split(str, ',');
printf("Original: '%s'\n", str);
printf("Split by ',': \n");
print_result(result);
free_result(result);
return 0;
}
```
## Evaluation Criteria
Your implementation will be evaluated based on:
1. **Correctness**: Does it handle all required cases correctly?
2. **Memory Management**: Are there any memory leaks?
3. **Code Quality**: Is the code clean, well-organized, and properly commented?
4. **Efficiency**: Is the algorithm efficient in terms of time and space complexity?
## Advanced Challenges
Once you've completed the basic implementation, consider these extensions:
1. Modify your function to handle multiple delimiter characters
2. Implement a version that uses a string as a delimiter instead of a single character
3. Create a version that keeps empty substrings as separate entries in the result array
4. Optimize your code for maximum performance with large strings
## Resources
- C string manipulation functions (`strlen`, `strcpy`, etc.)
- Memory allocation functions (`malloc`, `free`)
- Pointer arithmetic in C
- String tokenization techniques
## Conclusion
This project will strengthen your C programming skills, particularly in the areas of string manipulation and memory management. The ability to split strings is a fundamental operation in many programming applications, making this a valuable skill to master.
Good luck with your implementation!